What to ask a contractor before you hire one

A good contractor makes a renovation smooth, and a bad one can turn it into a nightmare. Asking the right questions, and getting the answers in writing, protects your money and your home.

The short version: get at least three written quotes, check licences, insurance and references, sign a detailed contract and never pay most of the cost upfront.

Check credentials

• Are they licensed where your province or municipality requires it (for example electricians, plumbers and gas fitters)?
• Do they have liability insurance, and workers' compensation coverage where required? Ask for proof, and call the insurer or board to confirm.
• Are they members of a trade association or have a business registration?
• Can they provide references from recent customers, and photos of similar work?

Questions to ask

• Who will do the work, and who will supervise on site?
• Do you use subcontractors?
• Who pulls the permits, and who arranges inspections?
• How long will it take, and when can you start?
• What is not included in the quote?
• How do you handle changes and unexpected issues?
• What warranty do you offer on work and materials?

Get written quotes

Compare at least three, with the same scope. The cheapest is not always best, and a very low bid may signal missing items or shortcuts. Itemize labour, materials, permits, disposal and taxes.

The contract

A written contract should state the scope, materials, price, payment schedule, start and end dates, change order process, warranty, cleanup and permits. Read it before signing. Do not rely on verbal promises.

Payments

Avoid paying a large deposit. Tie payments to progress milestones. Do not pay in full until the work is complete and inspected. Be cautious of requests for large cash payments. Keep records of all payments.

Protect against liens

In many provinces, unpaid subcontractors or suppliers can place a lien on your property. Ask about holdbacks and lien rules in your province, and get proof of payment from subcontractors if appropriate.

Red flags

• Pressure to sign right away.
• No written estimate or contract.
• Cash-only deals or demands for large upfront payments.
• No insurance or licence.
• Door-to-door offers that seem "special".

Insurance and permits

Tell your insurer about major renovations. Make sure permits are in place. Unpermitted work can cause problems when you sell.

Example

If a contractor suggests skipping the permit to save time, treat it as a warning sign.