Are new windows worth the cost?

New windows improve comfort, noise and appearance, but they are rarely a quick way to save money on energy. Whether they are worth it depends on what is wrong with the ones you have.

The short version: replace windows that are damaged, rotted, hard to operate or leaking. If they are only old, cheaper fixes such as sealing, weatherstripping and storm windows may give more value for the money.

Reasons to replace

• Rotted frames, cracked glass or failed seals (fogging between panes).
• Windows that will not open, close or lock properly.
• Water leaks or drafts you cannot seal.
• Safety, such as bedroom windows that do not work as an escape route.
• Noise, comfort or condensation problems.
• Single-pane windows in a cold climate.

What about energy savings?

Windows are only part of heat loss. Walls, attic and air leaks are often bigger. New windows cost thousands, and the energy savings alone can take a very long time to pay back. Do not rely on a salesperson's savings claims, and ask for the basis of any numbers. An energy audit shows where your home loses heat.

Cheaper alternatives

• Caulk and weatherstrip.
• Storm windows or window film.
• Insulating curtains or cellular shades.
• Repair or reglaze existing windows.
• Seal air leaks around the frame.

Choosing windows

Look for the ENERGY STAR mark for your climate zone. Check the U-factor (lower is better at keeping heat in) and the solar heat gain coefficient. Double-pane windows are common, and triple-pane windows are an option in colder regions. Frame materials include vinyl, fibreglass, wood and aluminum, each with different upkeep and cost.

Installation matters

Poor installation causes leaks and drafts, so a good installer matters as much as the product. Get written quotes from several companies, check references and insurance, and understand the warranty, including whether it can be transferred when you sell.

Be careful with sales pressure

Avoid high-pressure door-to-door offers or "today only" prices. Take time to compare.

Programs

Federal and provincial window rebates change frequently. The Canada Greener Homes grant and loan are closed, so check current offers before you buy.

Resale value

New windows can help sale appeal, but you rarely recover the full cost in the price. See our guide on renovations that add value.

Example

If only two windows are damaged, replacing those and sealing the rest may do the job at a fraction of the cost of replacing them all.

Prices vary a lot by size, material and region.